Technological Diffusion during the European Renaissance free essay sample

The developments examined here speak to insurgencies in fighting, society, and workmanship that saw a quick dissemination through the social orders of Europe during the renaissance for differing reasons. Regardless of whether for endurance, monetary increase, or tasteful joy they were in the end grasped all through Europe setting out a portion of the bedrock that cutting edge western culture would be based on. The spread of guns all through renaissance Europe profoundly affected fighting. The development of the print machine in Europe would make multitudinous changes society boosting education rates and helping supporting the scholarly restoration of Europe. Oil painting methods turned out to be generally received framing the bases of Venetian style painting while likewise permitting canvases to get by to the current day as a result of expanded sturdiness. Our first case of mechanical dissemination is the gun whose imperative segment, explosive, advanced toward Europe at some point during the thirteenth century conceivably by means of Moorish Spain (LaRocca, Para 1). The Chinese additionally give off an impression of being the first to create black powder weapons with the most punctual realized reference starting in china during the twelfth century. The specific channels that brought this innovation from the Fareast are contested however what appears glaringly evident is that not at all like in China the entirety of the European rulers in the late fifteenth and mid sixteenth century understood the convenience of the new weapons (Sandberg, Para 4). Explosive weapons initially demonstrated their certain value to European rulers in the mid fourteenth century as the guns that helped the militaries of Mehmet II crush the beforehand secure dividers of Constantinople in 1453. In that equivalent year guns joined with earthen resistances helped the French to pulverize an English endeavor to retake Gascony at the Battle of Castillon (Blair, Martell and Roumas, 47). The historical backdrop of the dispersion of gun innovation all through Europe during the renaissance gives us a case of innovation that was spread by need. Guns permitted the armed forces of Mehmet II to penetrate the dividers of Constantinople and stop the multi year old Roman Empire. While simultaneously the protective capacities of firearm powdered weapons was demonstrated to the English at Castillon during a sad misfortune to the French that finished the Hundreds Years’ War. The most emotional case of this procedure I have found was during the attack of Pavia in 1525 when the French-Swiss powers were vanquished so unequivocally by harquebusiers ensured by pike men that the French soldiers traded the crossbows for guns after the fight (Brooks 64). For European states it was a need to receive guns or face their own decay and decimation notwithstanding an innovatively prevalent opponent. The renaissance additionally observed the innovation and spread of the print machine which has been hailed as one of the most significant creations throughout the entire existence of humanity. Albeit prior printing forms have been known in Asia Schlager and Lauer come to the meaningful conclusion, â€Å"[that] †¦it was the mechanical device created by Johannes Gutenberg (1398? - 1468) that introduced another time of correspondences and appreciation with expansive ramifications that keep on molding our reality and perception† (Para 1). The dissemination of the print machine was very quick with a print machine showing up in each significant European community inside fifty years of its development in Germany at some point during the 1430’s in any event, being brought to the New World by the Spanish in 1539 (Schlager Lauer Para 9). Nonetheless, dissimilar to the explosive weapons the spread of the print machine was not ordered for the prompt endurance of European forces. Rather the spread of Gutenberg’s print machine was fundamentally a lucrative endeavor that addressed the issue for another interest during the renaissance for works of writing. Truth be told the expanding moderateness and availability of books made another market among individuals who generally didn't approach them. The renaissance time frame additionally observed the expansion of oil painting which was advocated in Flanders by Jan Van Eyck in the mid fifteenth century. The strategy that was created by Van Eyck which included overwhelming layering of paint for dim hues and a lighter layering of paint for lighter hues permitting the white ground to appear on the other side. Eyck’s’ Technique was then moved to Italy by Antonello da Messina who acquired it to Venice 1475 most likely in the wake of taking in it from an understudy of Van Eyck (Hall Para 8). There were additionally reasonable advantages of utilizing oil as a coupling operator since it offered more noteworthy adaptability, wealth of shading, and adherence to help. Possibly for every one of these reasons oil painting was effectively moved all over Italy by painters vieing for the support of rich Italian urbanites. By the 1490’s it was the favored medium in Italy; the focal point of the European renaissance. The time of European history known as the renaissance saw the ascent of across the board development and advancement powered by political change, rediscovered information, and newly discovered riches among urban elites that supported such huge numbers of aesthetic endeavors. Gun innovation moved from China was quickly received by European forces and in the wake of being consummated demonstrated an important instrument of war that no European force could manage without. The Gutenberg print machine would immediately spread from Germany all over Europe to help the scholarly recharging while at the same time making a rising business sector for writing among the lower classes Europe. The oil painting method created by Flemish craftsman Van Eyck was conveyed to Italy where it before long turned into the favored medium and strategy. During a time, for example, the European renaissance that is characterized by advancement and innovation we can obviously observe the procedure of mechanical dispersion at work.

Team Dynamics for Managers

|[pic] |Course Design Guide | |College of Social Sciences | |PSY/430 Version 5 | |Team Dynamics for Managers |Copyright  © 2010, 2009, 2008, 2005, 2004, 2003, 2001 by University of Phoenix. All rights saved. Course Description This course gives an investigation into how chiefs and representatives work in bunches for the fruition of authoritative destinations. Accentuation is set on the developing reliance on self-coordinated work groups in the work environment. This course furnishes understudy with the capacity to oversee work groups, work in groups effectively, and to acquire results by means of group elements. Also, impacts upon consumer loyalty are investigated. PoliciesFaculty and understudies/students will be considered liable for comprehension and sticking to all approaches contained inside the accompanying two records: †¢ University arrangements: You should be signed into the understudy site to see this report. †¢ Instructor arrangements: This record is posted in t he Course Materials gathering. College strategies are liable to change. Make certain to peruse the approaches toward the start of each class. Strategies might be marginally unique relying upon the methodology wherein you go to class. On the off chance that you have as of late changed modalities, read the strategies administering your present class methodology. Course Materials Engleberg, I. N. Wynn, D. R. (2010). Working in gatherings. (fifth ed. ). [University of Phoenix Custom Edition e-text] Boston, MA: Pearson/Allyn and Bacon. Recovered from University of Phoenix, PSY/430â€Team Dynamics for Managers Course site.. Every electronic material are accessible on the understudy site. |Week One: Effective Communication in Diverse Groups | |Details |Due |Points | |Objectives |Explain the connection between bunch part assorted variety and correspondence style. | |Determine compelling utilization of verbal and nonverbal connection in gatherings. | |Describe the significance of tuning in and successful listening methods. | |Determine proper techniques for bunch help. | |Readings |Read Ch. 1 of Working in Groups. | |Readings |Read Ch. of Working in Groups. | |Readings |Read Ch. 3 of Working in Groups. | |Readings |Read Ch. 4 of Working in Groups. | |Readings |Read Ch. 7 of Working in Groups. | |Readings |Read Ch. 8 of Working in Groups. | |Readings |Read this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings. | |Selection of Teammates |By Thursday, if it's not too much trouble let me know in your Individual gathering on the off chance that you could work with individuals |By Thursday of | |outside your time-zone. |Week One | |On Friday, I will post a note in the Main discussion with the names of the individuals in each group. | |Participation |Participate in class conversation. | |2 | |Discussion Questions |Respond to week by week conversation questions. |By Friday of the |2 | |first week. | |Article Review |Complete and Submit article audit to string in Main gathering for it. |By Sunday of the |3 | |first week. | |Search through the Electronic Resource Reading list comprising of articles from UOPX’s Online| | |Library. | |Share with your colleagues which article you intend to survey so every part audits a | |different article. | |Coordinate with partners so everybody in your group sums up an alternate article. | |Submit two aragraphs and a citation to the Main discussion in answer to the post I will be | |posting. | |In the primary passage, give a short rundown of the article. (100 to 150 words) Add an APA| | |citation. | |In the subsequent section, relate the data to your work, social, as well as home life. (100 | |to 150 words) | |For the citation from the article, clarify why you think it is a significant statement. 50 to 75| | |words) Add an APA reference. | |Provide an APA designed reference. | |Individual |Review the Working in Groups recordings situated on your understudy site. Pick three of the four|By Monday, the |8 | |Group Communica tion Video |videos to watch. a day ago of the | |Cases | |first week, | |Review the evaluating structure and utilize the example paper accommodated this task in the Course | |Materials discussion. | |Write a 200-to 300-word reaction to every video cut by addressing the accompanying inquiries. | |Choose one video that you will use to talk about the connection between bunch part diversity| | |and correspondence style. What decent variety existed in the gathering? How did this influence the gathering | |members' correspondence styles?Was decent variety a block to correspondence? Decide two | |communication techniques that could have been utilized to all the more likely encourage the gathering. | |Choose another video and depict the verbal and nonverbal collaboration among the individuals from | |the group.What were these cooperations imparting? Is it accurate to say that they were helping or thwarting the | |group process? Think of two specialized strategies that could have been utiliz ed to better | |facilitate the gathering. | |Watch the third video and decide the listening methods utilized by individuals from the gathering. | |Describe the significance of tuning in bunch correspondence and relate it to this situation. | |Were the listening procedures utilized in this circumstance powerful? If not, which successful | |techniques ought to have been utilized to more readily encourage the gathering procedure? | |Resources: Three Resources: (1) course reading, (2) one article from the Electronic Reserve | |Readings or another article in UOPX’s Online Library, and (3) some other asset | |article from UOPX’s Online Library. | |Format your paper as indicated by APA gauges. | |Include title-sheet, levels with subheadings, references, and references. | |Use test paper and audit evaluating structure; both gave in Course Materials gathering. | |Submit to the Assignment Section. | Week One Individual Participation (2)Discussion Questions (2) Article Review (3) Group Communication Video Cases (8) Individual Total: 15 |Week Two: Cohesion and Decision-Making | |Details |Due |Points | |Objectives | |Evaluate singular qualities that apply to the gathering procedure. | |Apply refereeing procedures to bunch clashes. | |Identify critical thinking procedures that encourage collective choice creation. | |Readings |Read Ch. 9 of Working in Groups. | |Readings |Read Ch. 10 of Working in Groups. | |Readings |Read Ch. 1 of Working in Groups. | |Readings |Read this week’s Electronic Reserve Readings. | |Participation |Participate in class conversation. | |2 | |Discussion Questions |Respond to week after week conversation questions. |By Friday of the |2 | |second week | |Individual |See depiction in Week One. By Friday of the |3 | |Article Review | |second week | |Individual |This two-section task empowers you to think about your individual qualities and | |Rough Draft |problem-explaining abilities as they apply to the gathering procedure and dyn amic. |5 | |Individual Strengths and |Review the evaluating structure and utilize the example paper accommodated this task in the Course | |Problem-Solving Techniques |Materials discussion. | |paper | |Prepare a 1,050-to 1,750-word paper designed by APA guidelines.The paper must be| | |organized as per the accompanying classes: | |Part 1: Individual Strengths and the Group Process | |Describe a gathering setting or situation in which you have worked or of which you are | |currently a section. | |What are the qualities and abilities that you have brought to this gathering setting? How have they | |benefited the gathering? | |Are there any downsides your qualities and abilities have brought to the gathering? Depict how | |they have influenced the gathering. | |How have other gathering members’ qualities and abilities influenced the gathering procedure? | |What are a few aptitudes you could improve to encourage an increasingly compelling gathering condition? By what means can | |you improve these aptitudes? | |Part 2: Problem Solving Techniques and Group Decision Making | |What critical thinking methods do you know or use consistently? | |How do your procedures impact collective choices? | |What other critical thinking procedures would you be able to utilize when settling on collective choices? | |What would you be able to do to create or improve your critical thinking methods? | |Resources: Three Resources: (1) reading material, (2) one article from the Electronic Reserve | |Readings or another article in UOPX’s Online Library, and (3) some other asset | |article from UOPX’s Online Library. | |Format your paper as per APA principles. | |Include title-sheet, unique, levels with subheadings, references, and references. | |Use test paper and audit reviewing structure; both gave in Course Materials gathering. | |On the most recent day of the subsequent week, present a working draft of the Job Redesign and Workplace | |Rewards Assessment to the t hree auditing administrations in the Center for Writing Excellence (CWE)| | |for assessment: (1) Write Point, (2) Tutor Review, and (3) Plagiarism Checker. | |On the most recent day of the subsequent week, give confirmation of your accommodation by making a Screen-Effort | |of the My Papers page demonstrating the accommodation to three looking into administrations. | |Submit the Screen-Shot to your Individual discussion. | |In the headline, type the words, â€Å"Screen-Shot. | |On the third day of the third week (Thursday), download every one of the three surveys. | |Write Point and Plagiarism Checker

Insider Report What Its Really Like Working in Finance and Accounting

Insider Report What It’s Really Like Working in Finance and Accounting Picking your future career is never easy and finding the right pick can be hard when you can’t know what to expect.But you are definitely doomed to pick the wrong career if you base your decision on industry hearsay and things you see in the movies.So, to ensure you know what it’s really like working in finance and accounting, check out this insider report into what jobs are on offer, what public perceptions get wrong about the job, how to get in the industry and the realities of working in finance and accounting.VARIETY OF ROLES IN THE FIELDIt’s first important to understand that working in finance and accounting doesn’t necessarily mean the same thing if you are an investment banker or a small business accountant.The sector of finance includes a number of different roles, with varying responsibilities and functions.In addition, the sector’s most popular jobs, accounting, is itself a field with plenty of employment opportunities.So, your experience of the sector will be di fferent depending on the actual job title you have.The variety in the finance and accounting sector can often depend on whether you work in the public or the private sector.Responsibilities, along with salary prospects, can be hugely different when you’re working for the government rather than a private business.In addition, finance and more specifically accounting jobs can differ when a different sector is involved. You could be an accountant for a fashion business or work as a financial adviser for a multi-national in the furniture industry.You’re not necessarily just working with numbers or dealing with the financial industry â€" you might find plenty of career opportunities that combine your passion for finance and another sector.To give you a better understanding of the roles available in the sector, here are a few example job titles in finance and accounting:Banker or a specialized investment bankerFinancial adviserAccounting technician or chartered accountantTax adviser o r tax inspectorStock broker or investment analystThe roles come in all sorts of specifications, but central to them is the focus on numbers.Most roles include the analysis and understanding of financial data and the use of financial theories in order to further a specific objective, for example.Furthermore, certain professions within the industry are more popular than others â€" chartered accountants are more in demand than forensic accountants, for example.THE GLAMOROUS IMAGE OF FINANCE AND ACCOUNTING JOBSWhen it comes to the industry, quite a few misconceptions and common beliefs exist that don’t always hold true.The public perception of the finance sector is that of excessiveness and greed.When we think about investment bankers and stockbrokers, we think these people are just drinking champagne all day and making money at the expense of other people.The industry is associated with fast money and fast cars â€" you spend a bit of time making deals and even more time on having fun .The negative image is not helped by the recent publicity. News of rogue traders and bankers who only looked after themselves were everywhere during the aftermath of the financial crash in 2008.On the other hand, our image of accounting professions isn’t much more flattering, although it is rather different.Instead of fast cars and women, we view accountants as bit of nerds â€" the job is thought to be highly boring and suitable for people who are obsessively interested in details and figures.Part of the public perception is down to how the industry is portrayed by popular culture. You can find plenty of accountants, bankers and the like in movies and books and the image is quite often similar to the above descriptions.If you want to know how popular culture perceives what it’s like working in finance and accounting, then you might want to check out the following films:Wolf of Wall Street â€" Based on a true story, the movie details the fast money attitude and its dangers rather well.Wall Street â€" Perhaps the most iconic finance film of all time, featuring Gorden Gekko (played by Michael Douglas) who makes his money through insider trading.Trading Places â€" A movie about two brothers who work as commodity future brokers who make a bet on whether a hustler on the street could work as a commodities broker.The Accountant â€" A Ben Affleck film in which the math genius suddenly ventures into the criminal underworld.Ghostbusters â€" Rick Moranis plays a geeky accountant that occasionally ends up locking himself out of the apartment.While the above movies are definitely entertaining and they do offer some interesting insights into the industry, the majority of finance and accounting roles don’t naturally offer such lifestyles.For more myth-busting, check out the short clip below: WHAT DOES IT ACTUALLY TAKE TO WORK IN THE INDUSTRY?So, what then is the industry like? To understand what it’s like working in finance and accounting, it’s a good idea to consi der how you can find yourself in the industry.The qualifications and the characteristics that excel in the field can tell a story of the real industry â€" if you know what it takes to get into the industry, you’ll know what to expect from the work as well.The qualificationsFinding a job in the financial sector is not that easy, even though there are plenty of job titles out there.Because of the earning potential, the industry is crowded with applicants and you often need to obtain good qualifications in order to be considered for positions.To improve your chances of landing a job in finance and accounting, you should consider a degree in mathematical sciences.This includes degrees in either Maths or Economics. An undergraduate degree is enough for most graduate roles, but you can improve your chances of high-earning jobs with a master’s degree.Furthermore, you could also enter the finance sector with a business degree, such as a degree in business administration.Overall, you do often need a university degree of some sort in order to get your foot in the door.However, most titles might also require you to opt for a more narrower and field-specific degrees or qualifications.This is especially the case in accounting where a degree in accounting is usually required. Furthermore, if you want to work as a business accountant, you must have the right qualifications to practice the profession. These can be country-specific.For example, in the US, chartered accountants need to be officially certified by  the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants.These sorts of qualifications are not just for accountants. Financial advisers in the UK can obtain the Certified Financial Planning certification (CFP), which allows them to work in the field.The characteristicsAside from the official qualifications, the industry does call for a certain kind of character. Just as you probably aren’t going to be a professional athlete if you’re not at all interested in athl etics, there are certain personalities that thrive in the finance and accounting sector.If the daily requirements were to call for four key characteristics, these would be the following for finance and accounting:Attention to detailYou need a good attention to detail if you want to work in the sector.Since you are often dealing with large datasets and numbers, you need to be able to notice the differences or the important figures without a problem.For example, as an accountant, you must make sure the numbers add up and that every detail is aligned with the information and the legal requirements.The same helps in professions such as being a financial adviser â€" you must be able to spot the little things that can make a difference in the person’s finances.Good numerical and logic skillsOf course, since you are dealing with numbers all day long in almost every finance and accounting job, you must have good numerical skills.You definitely don’t want calculations to cause you too mu ch trouble. Above all, you need to be able to think logically.Numbers don’t lie â€" you need to be able to approach then rationally and with a good sense of how they work. You need to make decisions based on logic not feelings.Communication skillsFinance and accounting jobs are also not as lonely as you might think.You aren’t going to just sit in the office by yourself crunching numbers â€" you often need to talk to clients and therefore, communication skills are an important part of making it in the industry.You need listening skills to learn more about what your customer wants, as well as to get the real picture of the business’ finances, for example.Furthermore, since you might be communicating complex issues to the client (who might not have the same understanding of finances), you need to have the ability to do this in a professional and easy-to-understand manner.Ability to adapt quicklyIf there’s one thing to know about working in finance and accounting it’s that thi ngs change.The industry is full of rules and regulations and these are not static â€" you will need to be able to adapt to things quickly.Not only does this mean you must be interested in developing your skills further, but you also have to be able to adapt to new ways of doing things quickly.The industry doesn’t allow a lot of second-guessing â€" you are either in or you’re out. FIVE CORE REALITIES OF WORKING IN FINANCE AND ACCOUNTINGNow that you know what to expect in terms of getting into the industry, it’s time to turn your attention to what it’s like working in finance and accounting.Here are the five core realities you should keep in mind before entering the industry.A lot of workThe most important thing to understand about working in finance and accounting is that it isn’t plain sailing.Yes, the financial rewards might be rather lucrative, but the workload is definitely not small. You will have to work a lot in order to progress in the career and your workdays can r un a lot longer than in your average nine-to-five job.Consider, for example, Sarah Knight and her workday, which on a typical day starts at 4 am. Knight, who works as a managing director of taxation in a large accounting firm, told Business Insider she starts her day by dealing with the toughest tasks at 4 am in the morning (when most are still tucked tightly in bed!).And the end of her typical day?She usually stops working at 6 pm.Tough competitionAnother essential feature of the industry is the competitive nature of the job.Since you have high graduate rates, you first need to compete with other qualified graduates for the roles.Even though there’s plenty of demand out there, you simply can’t expect to walk into your ideal role without proving your capabilities.More importantly, the competition doesn’t stop once you get the job. Accounting firms, financial firms and others are in tough competition with each other.Clients want the best for their money, which means you need to be the best at what you do to stay on top. The cutthroat image the industry sometimes has on popular culture is not completely made-up.Constant changeAs I mentioned above, the industry is going through many changes all the time.Accounting procedures might change every year and the financial sector has to adapt to new regulations.For example, the European Union has proposed over 40 legislative and non-legislative changes to the financial sector since the global financial crisis in 2008.Keeping up with all of these is an important part of the job â€" you can’t just focus on the project at hand or dealing with your clients, you also need to keep an eye on the industry as a whole.Flexible work environmentYou can also expect a relatively flexible work environment when you work in the industry.This is especially the case for self-employed accountants or financial advisers â€" you can build your working hours according to you and your clients’ demands.Furthermore, you can structure yo ur day rather freely, prioritizing the tasks according to the day’s specific agenda.Some days you might spend more time talking with customers, while other days your work might be more focused on the administrative side of things.Michael Solari, a certified financial planner, told Business Insider that he values the opportunity to work with a flexible schedule having been tied to a strict office schedule in his previous role. “Now, I stop when I’m done. I work when I’m up for it.Sometimes that can be late at night or on weekends, but it’s on my own terms,” he said.A good earning potentialWhat about the money?While you should never pick a profession solely based on its earning potential, you also shouldn’t venture into a sector blindfolded in terms of what you can expect to earn.In the finance and accounting sector, the popular image of healthy earnings is definitely not a total misrepresentation, even though it is a bit of overstated at times.Finance and accounting job s are among the best-earning jobs in the world â€" both in terms of starting salaries and the top-end roles.Perhaps more importantly, data points to a healthy salary growth in the sector in the future.The US Bureau of Labor Statistics outlined in their 2016-2017 Occupational Outlook Handbook how the job outlook through 2024 in many finance and accounting jobs is expected to grow faster than the average salary growth for all industries.According to the data, the salary for the following roles would grow as follows:Financial manager, 7%Personal financial adviser, 30%Financial analyst, 12%Furthermore, in a separate study by the Association for Financial Professionals, accountants were found to have almost half smaller rate of unemployment to the national average, meaning the industry has good hiring rate.Let’s look at some of the earning figures in the sector. The average salaries in the following finance and accounting roles are:Certified Public Accountant (CPA) in the US $62,000Fi nancial Manager in the US $115,000Personal Financial Adviser in the US $81,000In terms of starting salaries, you can expect to earn the following:Accounting graduate in the US $54,000Finance graduate in the US $57,000Both figures are above the average graduate starting salary, which in 2016 â€" according to the National Association of Colleges and Employees â€" stood at $50,556.More information about the above figures and salaries in finance and accounting can be found here, here, here and here.THE BOTTOM LINE OF WORKING IN FINANCE AND ACCOUNTINGThe answer to the question “what it’s really like working in finance and accounting” is two-fold.First, it’s not really anything like you see on TV and the movies. Finance is not just about fast money and champagne, but hard work and long days.Accounting, on the other hand, is definitely not as boring or geeky as you might think.You can specialize in different fields and the changing financial environment means you constantly nee d to keep up with new developments.However, the industry does also offer plenty of financial rewards to those who are willing to put in the effort and survive in the competitive world of finance and accounting.

What Do We Know About Electoral College - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 671 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/05/28 Category Politics Essay Level High school Tags: Electoral College Essay Did you like this example? The electoral college is a disaster for a democracy, tweeted none other than Donald J. Trump on November 6th, 2012. Six years later, this disaster of a system helped him win the presidency. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "What Do We Know About Electoral College?" essay for you Create order The following months saw recounts, protests, and anger, as many Americans, especially Democrats, were upset and incredulous that Trump became president, despite Clinton winning almost three million more votes. This is not the first time a president has lost the popular vote but still won the electoral votes; Benjamin Harrison, Rutherford B. Hayes, and George W. Bush were all elected under the same circumstances. Nonetheless, this seemingly unprecedented event provoked Hillary Clinton to call for the Electoral College to be eliminated. Both Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton were wrong; the Electoral College is an important system to our great republic that should not be abolished in favor of a popular vote system. It is important to understand the constitutional and philosophical basis for the Electoral College in order to realize its true purpose. As shown in the Federalist Papers, the Founding Fathers were afraid of pure democracy, which in past cases, devolved into tyranny of the majority, in which as small as 51% of the population could democratically oppress the minority (Madison 10). The Electoral College, as well as various other aspects of our government, was created to prevent that from happening. A candidate has to represent the interests of many different kinds of people The Electoral College is necessary because of differences in voter turnout state by state due to various factors that make it easier or harder to vote. According to a political science study done by Northern Illinois University, Jacksonville University, and Wuhan University, there is a vast difference in voter turnout due to different voter laws in different states. The study shows Oregon, Colorado, and California as the easiest states to vote, and Mississippi, Virginia, and Texas as the most difficult to vote based on restrictive voter laws. Other factors that could determine voting opportunity include distance to nearest polling place, cost per voter, or weather on election day. A snowfall in Maine would decrease the overall vote for that state compared to Florida. Voters in rural Montana may have to travel hours to the nearest polling station compared to New Yorkers who can walk two blocks to vote. A convicted felon may be eligible to vote in one state but not another. In a popula r vote system, states with factors that make it easier to vote will dominate the popular vote, but states that have factors that decrease voter turnout will suffer. A candidate may win an entire election based on which states are easier to vote in rather than the overall will of the people. The Electoral College deals with this issue by granting electoral votes based on overall state population, not voter turnout. Many opponents of the Electoral College are troubled that an elector can legally change his vote and go against which candidate was most popular in the electorrs state. I completely agree, which is why I am glad that electors are appointed by the party that won the state and almost never go against their pledge to support the candidate of their party. However, one assertion these protesters make that I disagree with is the claim that candidates only have to represent swing states in order to win. This conveniently ignores the fact that the way states vote changes greatly over time. California, which is now a deep blue state, voted Republican for six elections straight until it flipped blue in 1992. Virginia also voted Republican for ten straight elections until it flipped and became a purple state in 2008, and is turning bluer and bluer due to the greater appeal of Democrats than Republicans. A political party cannot just ignore their safe states in favor of swing states, or they wil l lose it sometime in the near future. This is why Hillary Clinton lost Wisconsin, a consistently blue state, after neglecting to campaign there in the fall of 2016, and instead visited swing states.

President Richard Nixon The United State - 1720 Words

On June 17, 1971, President Richard Nixon, addressed the United States of America and its congress, detailing his plans to stem drug abuse in the United State. He declared it â€Å"America’s public enemy number one†, saying that â€Å"In New York City more people between the ages of 15 and 35 years of age die as a result of narcotics than from any other single cause†. Less than a year prior to his speech, congress had passed into legislation a bill that called for a comprehensive reform of the country’s current drug laws. Still, Nixon felt that the nation needed more as the current drug policies were not enough to eliminate drug abuse. He went on to propose many ideas for what he called â€Å"a full-scale attack on the problem of drug abuse in†¦show more content†¦Strict prohibition needs to end, and we need to adopt a more lax policy like decriminalization or legalization. These have been both shown to help in fixing the aforementioned problems that the United States currently faces because of the war on drugs. The war on drugs has cost our government a vast amount of money that could be better spent elsewhere. In fiscal year 2013 alone, the United States government spent $25.6 billion in an effort to prevent drug use and its consequences. This was $415.3 million (1.6%) increase from the previous year. [1] This indicates that our government has no intentions of backing off of their drug stance any time soon. Overall, the national drug control budget costs the government more than the state, commerce, and interior departments combined. In addition, large number of drug-related trials clog our nation’s criminal justice courts, and often times the result of these cases is imprisonment for the accused. Since the start of the war on drugs, the country’s incarcerated population has increased sevenfold, and over one percent of the population now resides in a prison. [3] There are currently more people behind bars for drug charges today than there were people behind bars for any reas on in 1980. [2] Keeping all of these prisoners incarcerated costs

Chaucer on marriage Free Essays

Chaucer looks at male and female perspectives on marriage and shows the entire institution to be a farce, stereotyped by wealthy, flaccid old men and young, beautiful, deceitful wives. January, the old man in the merchant’s tale, says â€Å"wedlock is so easy and so cline† (1264), which is sarcastic as the merchant has already spoken out against marriage, and women in particular. Yet January’s motivations to get married are hardly pure, but more practical and shallow. We will write a custom essay sample on Chaucer on marriage or any similar topic only for you Order Now For â€Å"sixty year a waffles man was heel and followed ay his bodily delete/ on women† (1248-50); after sixty years of fooling around with numerous women, he is ready to have a wife â€Å"on which he mighty engender hymn an heir† (1272). Rather than choosing a wife who is wise and loving and would care for him in his old age and sickness, he makes his decision as if he were choosing livestock, saying â€Å"l wool noon Old ‘. Nary Han†¦ / she shall Nat passe twenty year†¦ /and bet than old beef is the tender feel† (1416-20). What is ironic is that January sees this way of approaching marriage as pure because it was so normal and standard. The purity of marriage would come if it were based on love and mutual respect, but instead for most men it is about having an heir and a beautiful wife. January can’t see that he’s leaving himself vulnerable to a young wife that will be deceitful and seek pleasure from younger more attractive men, instead thinking he can â€Å"a young thing may men gee,/ right as men may warm hex with handed Pyle† (1429-30). In the wife’s tale, she shows that old men cannot actually mold their young wives into good, loving creatures. Although the wife of Bath â€Å"sits [she] twelve year was of age†¦ ‘ housebound at creche door [she has] had five† (4-6), she is no innocent. She manipulates and terrorizes her old husbands with her sexuality to gain money and control, until they are her â€Å"[detours] and†¦ [thralls]† (155). She ends up molding her old husbands to her will. For her a husband is a source of income, and she always sakes sure she has one lined up on the sidelines. She had her fifth husband ready to marry her by the time her â€Å"fourth housebound was on beer† (587), and she â€Å"wept but small’ (592), being already â€Å"purveyed of a make† (591). Even though the fifth husband that she takes is younger than her and she is now in the old man’s position, she is still able to control her young husband to a certain degree, although it is much harder. It seems like an innate ability that women have to control their cabanas because its more than a survival method, but a way to find pleasure despite being in a technically submissive role. But a true marriage shouldn’t be about control. This is what makes marriage such a Joke to Chaucer, and he is very cynical towards it. The tradition and sanctity of marriage means nothing because it is based on a foundation of lying and shallowness. Men and women conform to their stereotypes because of how society has shaped them and made marriage such a necessity. How to cite Chaucer on marriage, Papers

Penguins (3059 words) Essay Example For Students

Penguins (3059 words) Essay PenguinsThe signature Species of the Southern Hemisphere (Antarctica) the mascot if you will is the penguin. There are not one and no fewer than seventeen species of penguins. Penguins are flightless birds in which several factors are contributing to the reduction of the penguin population. These contributing factors are both man-made and naturally occurring. ?The origin of the word ?penguin? has been the subject of debate for a long period of time. Researchers and historians theories range from reference to the amount of fat (penguigo in Spanish and pinguis in Latin) penguins possess to the claim that the word was derived from two Welsh words meaning ?white head.? (Sparks and Soper, 1987) Penguins are comical and funny birds. Blue/black on the upper half of their body and white on the lower half, they look as though they are all dressed up for a formal dinner or show but have no place to go! Penguins are flightless birds, which have adapted to living in the cooler waters of the Southern Hemisphere. They generally live on islands and remote continental regions that are free of land predators. Their inability to fly has been detrimental to their survival on land. Some species of penguins spend as much as 75% of their lives in the ocean, yet they all breed on land or sea ice attached to land. The seventeen species found today are thought to have evolved from flying birds more than forty million years ago. To date, the discovery of all penguin fossil fragments has been limited to the Southern Hemisphere. ?Records show that prehistoric penguins were found within the range of present-day penguins.? (Sparks and Soper, 1987)All penguins have a very similar torpedo-shaped body form, which is conducive for swimming. They have a large head and a short neck with an elongated body. Penguin species vary greatly in size. For example, the Emperor penguin is the largest of the penguin species, standing 3.7 feet and weighing between sixty and ninety pounds. The smallest penguin in the species is the Fairy penguin, standing only sixteen inches and weighs less than 3 pounds. Penguins wings are highly modified to form a stiff paddle-like flipper used for swimming. ?Each flipper is covered with short, scale like feathers. The long wing feathers typical of most birds would be too flexible for swimming through water.? (Sparks and Soper, 1 987) A penguins tail is short and wedged shaped with fourteen to eighteen stiff tail feathers. The legs and webbed feet with visible claws on a penguin are set back on the body so that when on land, the penguin is able to stand. ?Penguins walk with short steps or hops, sometimes using their bills or tails to assist themselves on steep climbs.? (del Hoyo, et al., 1992) When in the ocean swimming, penguins use their feet and short stubby tail as a rudder to guide them through the water. Penguins bones are solid and heavy which help them to remain submerged to reduce the energy that they need for diving. Penguins are able to withstand the extreme cold because of the insulation provided by their feathers. Feathers are highly specialized, broad and closely spaced helping to keep water away from the penguins body. Penguins have more feathers than most birds, having about seventy feathers per square inch on their body. Most penguin species goes through one complete molting cycle per year, which usually happens after breeding season. ?The exception to this is the Galapagos penguin which annually go through 2 molts.? (del Hoyo, et al., 1992) For penguins, molting is a very important process because feathers wear out when penguins come in contact with each other, as well as with the ground and water. The molting period varies between one species to another. Usually the time period is anywhere from thirteen to thirty-four days. Regular preening of the feathers is essential as penguins obtain oil from their tails to coat their feathers for waterproofing. Penguins in warmer temperate zones have a thinner plumage of feathers and fat layer than their counterparts of the polar species. To keep warm in near freezing waters, penguins have a highly developed heat exchanged system of blood vessels in the flippers and legs which helps the heat loss at the core of the body. To avoid heat loss in a penguins body, the penguin has 2 internal temperatures. A penguin has a normal body temperature and a temperature of the environment close to the limbs of the body. Tropical penguins can overheat very easily; so in order for them to lose the body heat, they usually use their flippers to get rid of excess heat. They also have bigger flippers than their polar penguin ancestors. Penguins communicate with each other by different ritual behaviors such as head and flipper waving, calling, bowing, gesturing and preening. Penguins c ommunicate by ?displays? or vocalization and performing physical behavior. ?They use many vocal and visual displays to communicate nesting and territories along with mating information. They also use displays in partner and chick recognition, and defense of intruders.? (Sparks and Soper, 1987) Territorial disputes can lead to aggressive postures such as stares, pointing and even charging each other. Also during courtship and mating, other rituals are included which are called ecstatic displays. In these particular displays, an unattached male penguin will pump his chest several times, stretch his head upwards and move his flippers about away from his body. During this display, the male penguin also emits a loud harsh sound. In doing this, other male penguins in the colony begin to exhibit the same behavior which in turn begins the breeding cycle within the colony. When breeding occurs, one is unable to distinguish male and female penguins because they are not sexually dimorphic. The re is one particular penguin that one can be told apart called the Crested penguin. Other ways of telling which penguin is male or female is that males are usually more robust and have larger bills. Also during mating season, female penguins are identifiable by muddy footprints left behind by males during mating activity. Acid Rain EssayThe dumping of garbage and trash in the ocean affects all kinds of marine life including the penguins. Penguins have been found tangled in debris, which causes death or serious injury. In addition to trash dumping, oil dumping also poses a great threat to the penguin population. When their feathers are tainted with oil, weatherproofing is reduced and their insulation fails. They are then at great risk of hypothermia. In addition, when trying to preen their feathers; they can ingest oil, which poisons them and causes their internal organs to fail. Although oil spill disasters such as the Exxon Valdez spill off the coast of Alaska had a devastating affect on the population, oil also enters into the waters via ship sludge and residue. Facilities are available for ships too properly dispose of their sludge and residue; however, unfortunately these facilities may not be utilized as it may be cost prohibitive and therefore, illegal dumping is then opted. The dumping of oil waste is permitted; however, the rate must be 15 parts of oil to a million parts of water. This formula is not followed as the risk of being caught is so small compared to the cost of the mixing of the formula. Oil also enters into the marine habitat through land run-off. ?The U.S. Academy of Sciences estimated in 1990 that 37% of oil pollution of the worlds marine environment enters the sea from the land. Other sources estimate that 45% comes from shipping (12.5% from tanker accidents); 9% from the atmosphere, 7.7% from natural sources and 1.5% from offshore oil exploration and production.? (Environmental News Network). In conclusion, the responsibility for the future existence of the penguin population lies mainly with the human race. Our ability to cause changes in climate snowballs thus creating changes in global and local patterns of ocean productivity. We have altered, and continue to alter, the natural environment and habitat of these wonderful creatures. Historically, the direct exploitation of penguins by humans created a huge risk to their survival. Currently, as humans create more creative uses for penguins and their skins, we pose a greater risk of impacting their existence. The ability to control and monitor the use of these animals is complex and difficult. The need for protecting marine habitats for all kinds of marine life has become serious. We have the ability to cause the extinction of far too many creatures. As of December 4, 1998, a number of conservation groups gathered and formulated a report on the penguin population. They believe that 9 penguin species should have been endang ered or were close to being endangered, and 2 more species close to being threatened. Previously, only 5 of the total seventeen penguin species were considered threatened. Based on the above-referenced conservation groups statistics, more than 50% of penguin species may be close to endangered. If we do not take an active stand on the protection of these amazing birds, we stand a chance of creating yet another ?dinosaur,? available to our children only through history and science books. Science Essays